THE HUMAN DEFECTS
THE HUMAN DEFECT # 1 Unable to manufacturing
Vitamin C (ascorbate) by our own body.
About 40 million years ago our ancestor lost ability for endogenous
ascobate production this was the result of a mutation of the gene encoding for the enzymes L-GLULONO-G-LACTONE OXIDASE (GLO),
a key enzyme in the conversion of glucose to ascorbate. As a result of this mutation all descendants became dependent on dietary
ascorbate intake. The species that lack of this enzymes
are (1) humans, (2) gorillas, (3) guinea pigs and (4) fruit
bats.
As you know, lack of vitamin C cause scurvy. However according to Mattias Rath, M.D. and Linus Pauling
Ph D.’s study. Why animals that make their own vitamin C up to 20 gm. per day have no heart attack in spite of high
cholesterol over 500 mg/ml in some species.
According to their study all species that lack of endogenous ascorbate production
have high blood lipoprotein called Lp(a). As you might recall from previous subject on this website related to human evolution.
The origin of all Homo sapiens sapiens came from tropical area in Africa, which had plenty of fruits and fresh vegetable to
eat. We have no problem with vitamin C deficiency. The problem started when human move to colder climate, especially in the
winter. There are no fruits or vegetables to eat. Scurvy became the problem that cause those people died from blood loss through the scorbutic vascular wall. According to their studies
in guinea pigs that lack of vitamin C cause deposition of Lp(a), fibrinogens, and later with cholesterol and calcium which
will strengthening the arteries so called ATHERIOSCLEROSIS. which believe to be the evolutional metabolic countermeasure for
ascobate deficiency in order to prevent bleeding to dead. However the guinea pigs feed with good source of vitamin C and proteins
had no ATHERIOSCLEROSIS. Their concluded that chronic lack
of Vitamin C is the primary cause of ATHERIOSCLEROSIS by
deposition of Lp(a),fibrinogens, follow by depositions of cholesterol and calcium at the end stage. By supply adequate vitamin
C and Protein especially PROLINE AND LYSINE will prevent inflammation of the arteries and eventually will prevent ATHERIOSCLEROSIS
to occur. To learn more please click on the study report “Unified Theory of Human Cardiovascular Disease Leading
the Way to the Abolition of This Disease as a Cause for Human Mortality” http://www.orthomed.org/links/papers/rathpau.htm
and Dr. Rath website here
http://www.drrathresearch.org/clinical_studies/condition_atherosclerosis.html
http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/pauling-and-vitamin-c.html
http://www.vitamincfoundation.org/unified.htm
http://academic.evergreen.edu/c/cahdea07/Research.htm
http://www.mercola.com/2001/mar/28/linus_pauling.htm
http://www.medical-library.net/sites/framer.html?/sites/_vitamin_c_and_vascular_disease.html
THE HUMAN DEFECT #
2 Unable to produce enzyme lactase to digest milk after a few years
after birth cause medical condition called LACTOSE INTOLERANCE(click
here for definitionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactose_intolerance )
All newborn mammals depend
on their mother’s milk to survive at least for the first few days to a year. Why majority of people on this earth (up
to 75 percent)(click here for the incidence worldwidehttp://anthro.palomar.edu/adapt/adapt_5.htm )unable to tolerate
milk?(to lean more clickhttp://www.indiana.edu/~ensiweb/lessons/tp.milk3.html ) This
is a good question.
The milk is mainly sugar(lactose or galactose+ glucose), proteins, fat
Click
here for milk composition http://classes.aces.uiuc.edu/AnSci308/milkcomp.html
The fact is after weaning period we are
no longer need milk to keep as a primary food source. The small intestine now no longer produce adequate enzyme LACTASE usually
occurs two to three years after birth. So lack of enzyme lactase in human is normal. For the people who develop lactose tolerance
actually is abnormal due to mutation of the gene on chromosome 2 during human evolution around ten thousand years ago when
people in Europe (Nomadic tribe) started raise domestic animal such as cow and goat.
to obtain milk for food These
people somehow their intestinal track continue to maintain production of lactase through their adult life and pass on this
gene to their off springs.
Only a few minority groups of people that carry this gene include northern Europe (Sweden) and southern
Sudan in Africa which has very low incidence of lactose intolerance(4 % and 17
% respectively)
In
the same lactose tolerance population from northern Europe also found that they also have another survival gene that produce
special protein that help carry fat called APOLIPROPROTEIN E4 (APOE4) which help absorb cholesterol from food more than other
population that have lactose intolerance and carry different apoliproproteins (E2, E3) in order to survive during famine period.
So definitely this group of high serum APO E4 will have higher incidence of cardiovascular disease.
In conclusion milk is not
our natural food as far as human evolution is concern and possible the one who can drink milk might increase chance to have
circulation problem than other people who can’t.
To learn more please click here
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11726725&dopt=Abstract
http://www.cmj.org/information/full.asp?id=856
http://jcem.endojournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/87/9/4147
Or you can read “Genetic Nutrition”
by A. P. Simopoulos, M.D.
THE HUMAN DEFECT #
3 Our thrifty gene that keep us alive now exact the same gene that are killing us
You probably learn more in the news lately about obesity epidemic
in this country about 60 percent of the population either overweight or obese. The simple reason is we eat more than we need.
At the same time diabetes incident also increase. I believe every one on this earth has a good chance to have diabetes if
we become obese and live long enough because we all carry the thrifty gene that keep us alive for million of years.
Evolution
of thrifty gene and diabetes
The “ thrifty gene” theory proposed in 1962 by geneticist James
Neel. Why many Pima Indians are overweight and have the highest incidence of type two diabetes(67 % for male and 73 % for
female aged over 45). Because of this gene that make these people survive the famine. This thrifty gene work this way, due
to inadequate food intake in order to survive this famine period. The evolutional pressure and natural selection
to survive cause our gene to mutate and make our cells to resist to insulin hormone. The hormone that cause low blood sugar,
the hormone that help to transfer the nutrients (fat, carbohydrate and protein) into the cells and help convert all nutrient
to storage as fat(we also call the insulin “the fat
storage hormone” ), as well as prevent fat to be used as energy. Normally if you have too much insulin it will reduce
the blood sugar. If the blood sugar is too low it will make you sick; weak shaky, sweating unable to concentrate and even
death, this low blood sugar or hypoglycemia also signal you to eat more. When the body become resist to insulin. You now will
no longer hungry and less sick without food during famine period. However during feast period because of high insulin level
the nutrients will convert to fat for storage for the future use at the higher rate.This people who carry this gene will be
fatter and have better chance to survive during famine period. Now, at the present because we eat more calories more than
the body need we become obese and overweight that even
make our cells more resist to insulin especially the viscera fat in our abdomen which produce the chemical that make our cells even more resist to insulin. This situation creates a lot of stress
to the pancreas to produce even more insulin in order to maintain the normal blood sugar. Eventually the Pancreas cells (Beta
cells) will be exhausted and fail and unable to supply the insulin that cause high blood sugar to rise above normal or diabetes.
The Pima Indian
evolution
According to “ Out of Africa theory” We as a Homo sapiens
are very homogenous species. Only skin color (which merely an evolutionary response to ultraviolet radiation in sunlight)
that separate us as racial differences. We, over 6 billions people on this earth are counsins. We had the same ancestor in
Africa who created us 250,000 years ago.
These same people migrated out of Africa about 100,000 years ago and started
migrating all over the world. A group of people called Mongoloid race from northern Asia crossed the Beringia about 15,000
to 35,000 years ago and later on, these peoples were mistakenly called Indians by Christopher Columbus. 11,000 years ago we
occupied all the corners of the earth included South America except Antactica.
The American Pima Indian in Arizona had been lived in this area for about
2000 years. The ancestors of the American Pima Indians migrated from Mexico around 300 B.C. In 1940 the occurrence of diabetes
was almost unknown. At the present time up to 75 % of certain segment of population of American Pima Indians have diabetes
and 95 % of those with diabetes are overweight.(compared with Mexican Pimas 3
out of 35 had diabetes and the population as a whole was not overweight).
In my opinion : All of us carry this thrifty gene if we allow ourselves to get fat, over time
we will have diabetes
To learn more about the subject please click the links below
ANTHROPOLOGY: http://faculty.ncwc.edu/toconnor/soc/355lect02.htm
Obesity and diabetes inPima Indian:
http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/pima/obesity/obesity.htm
Diabetes in Indian population:
http://www.as.ua.edu/ant/bindon/ant570/Papers/King/king.htm
The thrity gene and Pima Indian:http://www.pbs.org/saf/1110/features/fighting.htm
The thrity gene:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10447513
The visceral fat and diabetes:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12196439&dopt=Abstract
The cause of type 2 diabetes:http://www.well-connected.com/report.cgi/000060_2.htm.
